Legal Norm and Offense

A legal norm: a generally binding rule. It is established and protected by the state.

Structure of a Legal Norm

A norm consists of three parts: hypothesis, disposition, sanction.

Part	What it shows	Example
Hypothesis	under what conditions it applies	if a person violates traffic rules
Disposition	what behavior is required	must comply with the rules
Sanction	the consequence for a violation	otherwise pays a fine

• A sanction: the consequence of a violation. Do not confuse it with the disposition (the rule of conduct).

Hierarchy of Normative Legal Acts

Article 6 of the Law on Normative Legal Acts lists their types in this order:

1. Constitution
2. Laws
3. Resolutions of the chambers of the Oliy Majlis
4. Decrees and resolutions of the President
5. Orders of the Head of the Presidential Administration
6. Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers
7. Orders and resolutions of ministries and agencies
8. Resolutions of local government bodies

• The Constitution: the highest legal force. Every act must conform to an act of higher legal force; in case of a conflict, the higher act applies (Article 18).
• A law ranks above a presidential decree: the President issues decrees and resolutions on the basis of the Constitution and laws, in order to implement them (Constitution, Article 110).

Offense and Liability

• An offense: an unlawful, culpable act that is socially dangerous.
• In legal theory its types are crimes and misdemeanors (administrative, disciplinary, civil-law).
• A crime: the most dangerous offense.
• Types of legal liability: criminal, administrative, civil-law, disciplinary, material.