Ko'chirma gap (Reported speech)

Ko'chirma gapda boshqa kishining gapi o'zgartirilib (ko'pincha bir zamon orqaga) beriladi: say, tell, ask.

Zamon o'zgarishi (backshift)

To'g'ri gap	Ko'chirma gap
Present Simple	Past Simple
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
Past Simple	Past Perfect
Present Perfect	Past Perfect
will	would
can	could

am/is/are dan was/were: He said, "I am tired." He said he was tired. will dan would: She said, "I will call you." She said she would call me.

Vaqt va joy so'zlari

now: then, tomorrow: the next day. Today dan that day, yesterday dan the day before, here dan there, this dan that.

Misol: She said, "I will call you tomorrow." She said she would call me the next day.

So'roq va buyruq

• So'roqda so'z tartibi darakdagidek: She asked, "Where do you live?" She asked me where I lived.
• Ha/yo'q savollar if yoki whether bilan: He asked, "Do you like jazz?" He asked me whether I liked jazz.
• Buyruq: told + to V1, not to V1: He told me not to be late.

Ko'chirma so'roqda do/does qoldirmang: "She asked where do I live" xato.

1. Kirish fe'lini tanlang: said, told, asked
2. Zamonni bir pog'ona orqaga suring
3. Vaqt va joy so'zlarini almashtiring
4. So'roqda tartibni darakdagidek qiling