Shart gaplar (Conditionals)

Shart gaplar «agar ... bo'lsa» ma'nosini beradi. Gap turi shartning real yoki xayoliy ekaniga bog'liq.

To'rt asosiy tur

Tur	Shart qismi	Natija qismi	Ma'nosi
Zero	If + Present	Present	umumiy haqiqat
First	If + Present	will + V1	real kelajak
Second	If + Past Simple	would + V1	xayoliy hozir yoki kelajak
Third	If + Past Perfect	would have + V3	o'tmishdagi xayol

Misollar:

• Zero: If you heat ice, it melts.
• First: If it rains, we will stay at home.
• Second: If I were you, I would apologise.
• Third: If she had studied, she would have passed.

First: If + Present, will + V1. Bu real imkoniyat uchun.

Second: If + Past Simple, would + V1. Bu hozirgi yoki kelajakdagi xayol uchun, vaziyat haqiqatga to'g'ri kelmaydi. Second turda If I were you, were barcha shaxslarga ishlatiladi.

Third: If + Past Perfect, would have V3. O'tmishda bo'lmagan narsa haqida afsus yoki taxmin.

1. Shart real emasmi? Second yoki Third
2. Shart o'tmishdami? Third
3. Shart hozir yoki kelajakdami? Second
4. Shart real kelajakmi? First

unless va will

unless = if not. I won't go unless you come with me (agar sen kelmasang, bormayman).

Shart qismida will ishlatilmaydi: If it rains (to'g'ri), "If it will rain" xato. Natija qismida esa will keladi.